The Basics
An air gap for a dishwasher is a requirement set forth by local plumbing codes. It is a device designed to ensure water flows only in the right direction during the dishwasher cycle. As a dishwasher operates, hot water flows in from the sink's hot water connection. The waste water is pumped out through a waste water hose. While hot water sits in the drainage hose waiting for the dishwasher pump to cycle the waste water out, the air gap helps ensure none of that water is siphoned back into the fresh water supply.
Backup Protection
The air gap also helps ensure that standing water from the sink is not siphoned into the dishwasher. In the unlikely event of sewage backup in the kitchen sink, the air gap will help prevent any contaminated water from entering the dishwasher and contaminating dishes or possibly leaking from the wash cycle into the home.
Plumbing Code Requirements
Plumbing codes can vary significantly by state, and the requirements for dishwasher air gaps will also vary according to area. Depending on the state and the age of the home's fixtures, some may require the air gap and others may not. Even if the likelihood of water contamination is rare, certain plumbing codes may err on the side of caution to require installation of dishwasher air gaps.
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