WARNING: Estrogens given alone and with another hormone (progestin) for replacement therapy after menopause have sometimes caused rare but very serious side effects. Discuss the risks and benefits of hormone treatment and your personal health history with your doctor.
Estrogens have been reported to increase the chance of cancer of the uterus (endometrial cancer). Taking a progestin with estrogen decreases this risk. Tell your doctor immediately if you have any unusual vaginal bleeding.
Estrogens may also increase your risk of cancer of the ovaries, stroke. dementia. and serious blood clots in the legs. Estrogen given in combination with progestin can infrequently cause heart disease (e.g. heart attacks), stroke, serious blood clots (pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis), dementia, and cancer of the breast. Some of these risks appear to depend on the length of time this drug is used and the amount of estrogen per dose. Therefore, this medication should be used for the shortest possible length of time at the lowest effective dose, so you can obtain the benefits and reduce the chance of serious side effects from long-term treatment. Also, the risks are greater with estrogen products taken by mouth, absorbed through the skin, or injected because more estrogen gets into the blood. Therefore, if you need treatment only for vaginal menopause symptoms, products applied directly inside the vagina are preferred and should be considered first. Discuss the details with your doctor and check with him/her regularly (e.g. every 3 to 6 months) to see if you still need to use this medication.
Estrogen treatment alone does not appear to increase your risk of breast cancer when used for up to 7 years after menopause. However, talk to your doctor about the risks if you need to take estrogen for a longer period.
Products that contain estrogen should not be used to prevent heart disease or dementia.
If you use this drug for an extended period, you should have a complete physical exam at regular intervals (e.g. once a year) or as directed by your doctor. See Notes section.
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